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V.L. Balakin 1), 2), I.V. Belokonov 1), 2), V.M. Shakhmistov 2);
1)Russian Academy of Cosmonautics, Volga Branch, Samara, Russia, 2)Samara
State Aerospace University, Samara, Russia
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The Earth's atmosphere renders considerable revolting influencing
on all space objects moving on low-altitude orbits around of the Earth
(space vehicles, orbital stations rocket busters which have completed
resources, space debris). Precise prediction of motion trajectory
of these objects are very important for good safety operating on orbits
(specially for orbital space stations) and also for the warning of
catastrophes, which one can take place after a falling of pieces of
space objects on the Earth.
The information on a density of the upper Earth's atmosphere can be
obtained on observations from a terrestrial systems of monitoring
of space behind inhibiting action of specially started reference passive
satellites. Such experiments repeatedly were carried out in different
countries.
For the same purposes were launched in 1989-1992 six satellites PION,
which one designed and produced at the Samara State Aerospace University.
The ROSS project is development of the PION project and differs from
it by that the keeping track of can be carried out passive spherical
reflectors not only in radar, but also in optical range. It will increase
measurements accuracy of their performances of motion.
Satellite ROSS can be located on space vehicle FOTON and are put into
orbit together with it similarly to satellites PION.
Taking into account a great importance of deriving of an operating
information of a density of the upper atmosphere practically for all
countries, participating in space experiments, it is expedient to
consider the problem on security of constant monitoring of the upper
Earth atmosphere.
For a drop of the cost of such project expediently to join together
efforts of different countries and to create special international
organization, which one would be engaged in organization of launch
of reference satellites, monitoring behind their inhibitingmotion,
processing of the obtained measurements, improvement of operating
model of a density of the upper atmosphere, and also distribution
of this information between the interested countries. The launch of
such satellites can be realized as a passing fashion on existing rockets,
and with the help of conversion Russian light launchers forming on
the basis of ballistic missiles, which one should be deleted within
the framework of realization of the agreements about a reduction in
strategic arms.
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